Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

- Adequate language and neurocognitive function to participate in testing and training and to give adequate informed consent
- Able to rise from a chair unaided
- Completion of all regular post-stroke physical therapy (if applicable)
- Able to walk 30 feet without human assistance

Exclusion Criteria

- Clinical history of
- unstable angina
- recent (< 3 months) myocardial infarction or congestive heart failure (NYHA category II)
- hemodynamically significant valvular dysfunction
- peripheral arterial obstructive disorder with claudication
- major orthopedic, chronic pain, or non-stroke neuromuscular disorders restricting exercise
- pulmonary or renal failure
- poorly controlled hypertension (>190/110), measured on at least two separate occasions
- recent hospitalization for severe disease or surgery
- severe or global receptive aphasia which confounds reliable testing and training
- Other medical condition precluding patient participation in this study as per medical judgment of study team
- Untreated major depression
- Pregnancy
- Alcohol consumption > 3 oz. liquor, or 3 x 4 oz glasses of wine, or 3 x 12 oz. beers per day, by self-report
- Dementia and other major cognitive deficits (based upon clinical evaluation)